RUDN Mathematicians Say That 5G Will Cope with Traffic When Using WiGig
Under 5G using New Radio (NR) technology, two frequency bands (bandwidths)are allocated. P, below 6 GHz, was used in previous standards, the second includes frequencies from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz — on corresponds to the beginning of the millimeter wave range. The second band was allocated in the expectation that 5G will be used in applications, which require a fast and stable connection, for example, in VR and AR applications. However, this range may not be enough. Especially for use in places with large crowds of people — in the central areas of cities, in shopping centers, where the traffic load is constantly changing. Therefore, it is necessary to create new protocols to use new frequencies.
“It is expected that the emerging 5G cellular systems, which are capable of operating in the millimeter wave frequency ranges, will have a wider bandwidth. These networks are supposed to develop in densely populated places, where the load on traffic can vary significantly, which leads to “congestion” in the network. The mass introduction of new services that require high bandwidth can lead to a lack of range even for 5G systems. Here, only millimeter-wave communication technology is potentially able to cope with significant traffic loads — said Anastasia Daraselia, Postgraduate Student, Institute of Applied Mathematics and Telecommunications, RUDN University.
RUDN mathematicians have proposed using 5G NR technology along with a millimeter wave range of about 60 GHz, a technology known as WiGig, which allows data to be transmitted wirelessly at speeds of up to 10 Gbps per second. Mathematicians have suggested that WiGig will help 5G networks cope with traffic changes in places with a large number of users. To test this, they created a mathematical model and calculated how these two technologies would work together.
Mathematicians considered a model in which WiGig base stations (unlicensed band) are in the same area along with NR (licensed band) base stations. Network users are divided into two groups — one uses only WiGig, others — both technologies at the same time. Users move and periodically block each other’s direct access to the base station. RUDN mathematicians analyzed the model and calculated the optimal network parameters that will smooth out traffic fluctuations and cope with user requests. For example, the so-called competitive window (the period that the station waits before transmission) should be selected separately for each deployed network, and if this is not possible, it is recommended to use its higher values.
“We have built a mathematical model that can describe the possible data rates in networks that simultaneously operate in both licensed and unlicensed spectrum. Our numerical results showed that the speed achieved by such devices is primarily determined by the initial size of the competitive window, which, in turn, is highly dependent on the parameters of the system and the environment”, — Anastasia Daraselia, Postgraduate Student, Institute of Applied Mathematics and Telecommunications, RUDN University.
The results are in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.
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According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), electricity consumption in Africa has increased by more than 100% over the past two years (2020-2022). However, 74.9% of this energy is still produced by burning organic fuels 鈥� natural gas, coal and oil. At the same time, the level of electrification on the continent remains extremely low 鈥� only 24%, while in other developing countries it reaches 40%. Even in grid-connected areas, electricity supply is often unreliable: industrial enterprises lose energy on an average of 56 days a year.
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